In the field of meteorology, an anticyclone is known as a part of the atmosphere where the pressure is higher than that which exists in its environment for the same level. This phenomenon causes stable weather conditions with little rainfall. The air located in an anticyclone, executes downward movements, from the highest layers of the atmosphere towards the surface of the planet.
The air can descend for different reasons:
When the movement originates from an advection process in the upper region, in this case it is a dynamic anticyclone, which is characterized by a dry and hot climate, with intense sun.
When the air mass lowers, due to the fact that it is at a temperature lower than that of the environment, it is a thermal anticyclone. As the air descends, the atmospheric pressure increases and the temperature decreases sharply in the lower areas, causing a cold, but dry and sunny climate.
The anticyclones can have different sizes, this due to the fact that they are often dispersed in very large areas, for example the anticyclones of the arctic and sub-arctic regions or the continental anticyclones. In the same way, there are cases where they appear as simple air masses that are at high pressure as hills of smaller amplitude and divide two cyclones among themselves.
The South Atlantic anticyclone is a subtropical area located in the southern Atlantic Ocean, it is characterized in that its position is not constant, as is its intensity, but in a rather specific strip it usually originates in the meteorological charts used to describe the pressure annual average.
