Public goods belong to a type of good that is not and cannot be negotiated in any market, given that they have the characteristic of being collective and their use and enjoyment can be by any citizen without distinction of race, sex, religion or social class; the people must respect the norms that are stipulated there to protect them. The care or management of said assets is not exclusively exclusive to the State, but also the private sector can be provided. The management by the country as a watchdog of public goods comes from the Roman Empire, a time when some goods and public law began to be provided such as: citizen security, justice; the distribution of water and municipal land, among others.
Public goods have two characteristics that distinguish them from other properties, these being non-rival and non-exclusive. The first one means that the use and enjoyment of the facilities by the user does not imply the use and enjoyment of a citizen who already makes use of it; a perfect example is a radio signal that allows different users to listen to its frequency all at the same time.
Regarding the second, which is not exclusive, it implies that it is not possible to discriminate whether or not the user enjoys the public good through the implementation of prices, since these do not have a monetary value and any citizen who wants and wishes to use it can access the same independently and that they help with the maintenance and care of the spaces, for example: the beach, wind parks.
These assets need public management and various control mechanisms that guarantee their use and enjoyment. To guarantee its sustainability, a system of law must be created that guarantees to be very strict so that all those who participate in the market see themselves in the responsibility of participating in its care. For example, if forests, seas and the environment in general are not respected or cared for, we can exclude future generations from the world and enjoy these goods. In this sense , respect for the rules must be guaranteed in order to follow this end.
