Biodiversity or biological diversity refers to the wide variety of living beings existing on the planet, it is also a dynamic system that is in constant evolution. This term comes from the English contraction "biological diversity", and is attributed to Walter G. Rosen who mentioned it for the first time in a conference in 1986. The distribution of biodiversity comes as a consequence of evolutionary factors in the biological, geographical area. and ecological, therefore each species has an environment suited to its needs where each of these can relate in a harmonious way with the environment that surrounds it.
Among the types of biodiversity we find genetic diversity, which includes the variation in the genes of a species. Successively we have species diversity, which consists of the number of living species that reside in a given habitat. Then there is ecological diversity, which is the variety of ecosystems or biological communities existing in an area and the last type of biodiversity is functional diversity, it is the variety of response of species to environmental changes.
One of the main threats to biodiversity has been the human being himself, who through his actions of deforestation, fires and pollution has caused damage that not only affects the species that inhabit those places, but has also damaged the environment. Some of the damage has been irreversible, such as the extinction of some species, fragmentation and loss of forests, reefs, among others.
For the preservation of biodiversity, the first thing to do is control the number of individuals that inhabit the area, stop carrying out activities that may affect natural resources, you also have to protect all species that are under threat from extinction and finally create an awareness of preservation of the environment in each individual.
