Bullying is an English word, also known as " bullying " or "school harassment", bullying is made up of the voice "bully" that means "bully" or "bully" plus the ending "ing" that indicates the action or the result of an action. This word is not provided in the dictionary of the real academy but it can be defined as the mistreatment or aggressive behavior of a certain individual towards another, which is constantly repeated in order to deliberately cause damage to this.
What is bullying
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Bullying or harassment is that behavior of persecution or harassment that a student has towards another, this can be of a physical or psychological nature, it is carried out constantly and is maintained over time. The objective of this mistreatment is to intimidate, harm and scare, in this way the harasser obtains some advantage from his victim.
According to statistics, the most frequent age at which bullying occurs is between 7 and 14 years old, however, there are behaviors that appear in younger children, but they cannot be measured due to lack of scientific methods.
School bullying is very common in educational facilities, it consists of practicing constant violent and intimidating acts on another classmate, with the purpose of attacking and making him feel bad and unsafe, and in this way hindering his performance in classes.
For this reason, the most affected are children and young people who for some reason are different from their peers; they are generally submissive-looking youth due to low self-esteem and insecurities.
It is common to misspell the term, which is why many call it bulli or bulyin or bulin. This type of harassment is characterized by opting for cruel, brutal and often inhuman behavior with the main objective of inflicting harm on a certain person in order to scare or subdue them.
Bullying can be due to multiple factors, including the media, family, school environment, etc. For example, in the family environment, when children are exposed to family violence, they can acquire this type of behavior and express it with other people, since the perception of violence is the most viable alternative for them.
The media also influence the aggressive behavior of children due to different programs of violence and action.
Regarding the school environment, here the teachers play a fundamental role, since they are in charge of disciplining the children in the different student entities, since it is in them where bullying develops most.
Bullying classes
Psychological bullying
It is one where they attack the self-esteem of the person and try to produce a feeling of fear in it. In this case, the stalker maintains a persecution, blackmail, manipulation and threats on his victim, these actions promote the feeling of fear causing his self-esteem to drop. This type of abuse is difficult to detect by parents or teachers since this kind of exclusion is carried out behind the back of anyone who can notice what is happening.
The signs of the harasser can be a look, an unpleasant face, an obscene signal, a gesture. The attacked person becomes increasingly vulnerable and defenseless, as they perceive that at any moment this threat will materialize into a more forceful one.
Verbal bullying
It is characterized by all kinds of insults, nicknames, nicknames, mockery, contempt, attack on physical defects, among others in a public way. This type of harassment causes great psychological damage to the victim, because it affects their behavior, inducing them to isolate themselves from the environment in which they operate for fear of being humiliated, thus avoiding any contact with their peers.
Sexual bullying
It is all that abuse or intimidation where the sexuality of the victim is the central objective. This type of abuse also occurs when a person is touched on their genital organs, taking advantage of the fact that they are distracted. When a person is pushed and forced to do something they do not want, for example, view pornography.
This type of bullying can include homophobic behavior, which is when the abuse is oriented to the victim's sexuality, either for real or imagined homosexual reasons.
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Physical bullying
It is the most common, this consists of physically attacking the person by means of kicking, hitting, shoving, confinement, lashing out with objects and beating between one or more bullies against a single victim.
Blockage or social exclusion
It is the one that seeks to separate or exile the individual from the rest of the companions or group, that is, to make him the " law of ice " in a permanent way. In this way, the harasser completely ignores his victim and what is worse, he agrees with other colleagues to ignore him and exclude him from the groups, he does not allow him to participate in any activity, if he proposes something, nobody follows him and they do not include him in games, as if this person did not exist.
This situation sometimes occurs in schools, when a child is new, and they do not give him the opportunity to integrate, they just reject and ignore him.
Threat
It groups together the behaviors of bullying, bullies use the threat against the physical integrity of the child or adolescent and that of their family, to intimidate and in this way avoid being reported.
Harassment
It is the conduct of a person or group intended to alter and disturb others. Harassment or school bullying is a serious problem that affects many young people and children, since as a result they feel bad and the stress of facing this type of situation can cause them a lot of damage, to the point of making them sick. Because of this, children do not want to go to school or go out to play, in addition to being difficult to concentrate on schoolwork, they also worry about how to act when they meet their bully.
Physical or verbal assaults
The aggressor uses the word as a means of mistreatment through insults, nicknames, inventing stories, excluding phrases or ridicule, about the appearance, sexual condition or disability of his victim. Physical aggressions can be in two ways, direct and indirect.
- Indirect: they are a set of manual actions that do not cause physical harm to the victim. An example of this is when the stalker steals someone else's belongings, or leaves anonymous bullying notes.
- Direct: it is easier to detect and noticeable, due to the body marks that they usually cause. Aggression includes hitting, kicking, pushing, tripping, among others.
Cyberbullying
Cyberbullying is the use of media such as the internet, video games and mobile telephones, to exert psychological harassment between colleagues. This type of bullying is characterized by tormenting, harassing, threatening, humiliating and annoying a minor, regardless of their gender, through the aforementioned telematic technologies.
Cyberbullying is different from abuse at school, since it attends to other causes and manifests itself differently, as well as its methods of approach and consequences. The most common forms of this bullying are:
- Post real images or photomontages on the internet, as well as private information, things that can ridicule or harm the victim and make it public in their environment or relationships.
- Create false profiles or spaces on behalf of the victim, forums or social networks, where when writing they do so in the first person and make confessions of certain events.
- Hacking email password as well as changing it so that the rightful owner cannot use it, violating their privacy by reading all the messages found in the mailbox.
- Circulate rumors through the network, in which the victim is credited with reprehensible, unfair and offensive behavior, with the aim that others, without questioning what they read, exert reprisals and harassment.
The harasser or the bully
Abuse at school or bullying has become a drama for children and adolescents. The harasser, also called a bully, harasses the victim in public places, but difficult to detect by parents or teachers, as is the case in corridors, patios or school cafeterias.
The profile of a harasser or bully is as follows:
- Aggressive and irritable personality.
- Lack of empathy.
- Under control.
- Impulsive.
- Tendency to violent and threatening behavior.
- He behaves in the classroom with inappropriate jokes and provocative attitudes in front of his classmates and teachers.
- Your family may be dysfunctional, with a history of gender-based violence.
- Physically strong.
It is important to note that the harasser is not always a child or youngster, there are also adults who are dedicated to harassing and bothering others. Bullying between adults also exists, it is called mobbing and it usually occurs in the work environment, much more frequently than many people may think and wish for. These harassment situations can be very varied, but the consequences are always dire.
Campaigns against bullying
In order to reduce the bullying rates in the capital of Mexico, the government launched a campaign called " You are seeing and you do not see ", in order to verify behaviors that may seem everyday and normal.
This campaign was applied for a month in the subway and the metrobus, in addition to basic, intermediate and higher education schools. This campaign showed as official results that every four out of ten students are victims of bullying, three out of every ten identify themselves as perpetrators and six out of ten admit to having witnessed some type of bullying at school.
In addition to this, they installed an inter-institutional network on coexistence in educational facilities, where the Localized Information System already works, this program allows the registration of cases of violence in schools for attention and monitoring.
The stop bullying is a web site federally administered by the Department of Health and Services of the United States. Its mission is to issue information from the different government agencies on bullying, cyberbullying, who is at risk of suffering it and how people can prevent and respond to bullying.
Importance of anti-bullying campaigns
The importance of anti-bullying campaigns lies in raising awareness in the entire school community, in order to stop violence in and around school facilities. Teachers, students and family members must participate in this type of campaign.
All members of the educational community must be clear that any type of bullying or violence should not be tolerated, that they must identify and act in cases of children affected by bullying, since if they do not, they will become accomplices this action. The abuser must be reported.
