The word Bunker has its origin in the English language, which, in its original sense, referred to the deposit of coal that was in the boats. With the passage of time in the German language, the concept began to be used to refer to the place that offers shelter from an attack. This last meaning is the one that is applied in Spanish in the word bunker. To refer to a kind of refuge or fortification that is used for purely defensive purposes, which is used during wars in order to protect itself from bombardments either by planes or any other war vehicle.
In general, these types of buildings are made with very resistant materials. they are normally established in underground or hidden places to minimize the possibility of impact from the bombs.
Throughout history this type of fortification has been one of the most used in the field of warfare, and among those many, there are some that stand out for their historical importance, an example of this is that of Führerbunker, which stood under the city of Berlin and whose objective was to protect the high command of the Nazi government and army during the confrontations of World War II.
It should be noted that bunkers are used almost exclusively in the military field, however, there are occasions where they are used in the civil or mixed field. For this reason, bunkers are classified into different types, among the best known the following can be mentioned:
Trench: this is a type of small-sized structure, usually made of roofed concrete, partially buried in the ground, and usually part of a trench system. This type of fortification offers better protection to the soldiers than the open trench and added to them it includes protection against air attacks, not to mention that they are of great help to protect the soldiers against the weather.
Fortín: they are characterized by being excavated in guard posts, these have concrete spaces through which soldiers can shoot firearms.
