The procaryotic cells, unlike eucaryotic cells are those whose genetic material scattered their cytoplasm, part of all the structural assembly of the cell, then its structure is more complex, more specific and varied. It is believed that the prokaryotic cell was transformed into the eukaryotic cell in the evolution of the living being, which was forced to adapt to the environmental conditions of that moment, so in this process said genetic material had to be isolated in protective membranes in order to be preserved in the transformation. Prokaryotic cells lived millions of years ago in unicellular organismswhich were capable of adapting their metabolic configuration according to the degree of toxicity of the land at that time, however, with the appearance of new species and of the same sustainable land, these unicellular organisms improved their capacity for food and sustenance, which led to the formation of multicellular organisms.
Given their protective composition of DNA, eukaryotic cells do not have as elaborate a diversity as prokaryotic cells, that is why their feeding and nutrition mechanisms are more complex and numerous, since they are present in many quantities of species, some of them unicellular. Here is a short list of prokaryotic cell nutrition types:
- Photosynthesis: It is a process designed for algae, plants and some types of bacteria capable of absorbing nutrients from sunlight.
- Chemosynthesis: Through the oxidation of organic compounds without the presence of light, chemosynthesis is the way to feed on unicellular organisms that are in a position distant from light or heat, these species adapted to survive in conditions extreme, even without interaction with another type of species.
- Parasite Nutrition: It is the dependence on a foreign body to be able to survive, from this they take the necessary energy to develop, in some cases, these parasitic organisms occupy and usurp the place occupied by the individual who hosts them.
- Saprophytic Nutrition: Basically based on already decomposed organisms, which through their pores give off carbon and other elements in a plant state and become sediment, which is why they are used by these saprophytic agents.
- Symbiotic Nutrition: It is a cooperation between organisms, unlike parasitic nutrition, organisms that feed through symbiotic processes, feed each other and share energy.
