In the field of law, slander is called the fact of accusing an individual that he has committed an action that within the framework of the law is considered illegal, however said accusation is completely false, despite the fact that the person accusing him possesses the knowledge that said crime was not committed or, failing that, the accused person was not the one who committed it. For this reason, the individual accused of committing the action must be awarded any legal consequence by showing that he did not commit the criminal action of which he is accused, this is known as "exceptio veritatis".
In general, these types of accusations are made with the aim of wanting to cause moral damage to the accused person, making use of lies about his image, and they can even use the people around him to put them against him, using lies for it.
On the other hand, if the individual who has been accused of having committed a criminal action by another person, and the accused managed to demonstrate that he has not committed any crime, he must be free from any criminal action against him for said crime, being able to carry out any action against the person who accused you. On the other hand, if the individual who was accused of having slandered another person, he will be exempt from penalties if I can conclusively prove the accusation he made in the beginning against another person.
For the crime of slander to be punished, it is necessary that the person affected by said action, formally file a complaint against the person who accused him. This crime is reflected in most of the criminal codes of the countries and is classified as a crime against the honor of the affected persons.
It is very frequent that this type of actions mainly affect people who are public figures, such is the case of politicians, artists, public officials, this can be originated in order to obtain some monetary benefit from it, even using lies to de that way to convince people that the individual has committed the crime.
