The cartographer or cartographer is the person in charge of the elaboration of geographical maps, from original evidence such as photographs, sketches, statistics, seismic detection maps, among others; The science that is responsible for the study of this practice is called cartography, cartography is responsible for representing all the coasts, maritime areas, surfaces, angles and other areas that make up the planet.
Thanks to cartography, the shape of the earth was called, which is not totally spherical but is a bit flattened towards the poles, this shape is cataloged as ellipsoid, currently cartographic representations are made digitally with the help of computer programs. There are different types of maps:
- General maps: they are those that roughly describe the locations of each sector to achieve the understanding of a general or abundant public, such as the world map that allows obtaining knowledge about what each country limits in its four cardinal points (north, south, east and west).
- Thematic maps: these are a type of maps available to a small number of public which are in charge of describing a specific region that is of common interest, this type of maps is used for example in a visit to a tourist site, to another nation and ends.
- Topographic maps: used to describe the terrestrial structures that a region contains, which emphasize the reliefs with considerable emphasis, and the different textures that the earth may have.
- Topological maps: the topological one is responsible for identifying a region but it is flat in style, it does not describe relief or textures of the earth, an example of a topological map would be the one illustrated in the subway, in a shopping center, among others.
The mapping is not applied science in the new era, it has a history of fairly broad existence where populations such as the Babylonians, Egyptians and Romans practiced mapping exercise especially when they made their expedition trips; The first maps were found carved in materials such as clay (made by the Babylonians) and some made in silk cloth created by the Chinese population, another type of rudimentary map was found in the south of the Pacific Ocean in which the inhabitants of the islands would have to use reeds to make a geographical representation of where they were.
