There are indications of various artifacts, used in ancient times, to perform mathematical operations, such as the abacus, popular around the year 2700 BC. C. Wilhelm Schickard in 1623, develops the first calculating machine, whose prototypes disappeared time later. In the year 1893 "the Millionaire" was designed, the first calculator produced on an industrial scale, and which is often defined as one of the key elements for the development of the computer. Finally, and using the concepts of algorithm and Turing machine from Englishman Alan Turing, German engineer Konrad Zuse is in charge of assembling the Z1, the first computer in history, which had a mechanical operationIt was programmable and used a binary system.
However, one of the events that left an indelible mark on history is the arrival of the internet. This was born as part of the ARPANET, a communication network between several computers from three universities in California, United States; This was created by order of the Defense Department of this country. In 1983, ARPANET ended up separating from the military network, becoming a service dedicated to civilians. This is where cyberspace comes in, a term that refers to a "reality" within computers, which would go beyond what the internet is. It is about each of the identities, data and objects that may exist on the global computer network.
It was the American writer William Gibson who popularized the term "cyberspace" in his science fiction novel Neuromancer, published in 1984. He had already alluded to this virtual world in his story Johnny Mnemonic, from 1981, belonging to the book Burning Chrome. Later, during 1996, in Switzerland, the American writer John Perry Barlow, wrote the "declaration of independence of cyberspace", in which he expressed his desire that all the governments of the world stay away from the activities that are carried out. out in that space; Thus, like any activity carried out in simulated reality, it is not considered to take place in the country or region where the computer from which the action is processed is located.
