Once the basic sciences that we know today are established, a fusion of these is carried out, together with electronics and computing, to apply different studies to natural behavior and, later, implement these mechanisms in the creation of new artifacts that improve the quality of life of the population. One of these sciences is robotics, a discipline in which the behavior of human beings or animals is analyzed to design robots capable of imitating these behavior patterns; Generally, it is applied at an industrial level, to replace human beings in production jobs. Another noteworthy example is bionics, ascience in which the constitution and functioning of the organism of different living beings is studied, in order to develop mechanical parts capable of replacing them.
However, one of the most outstanding is cybernetics, a science product of the union of mechanics, physics, electronics, chemistry, medicine and sociology. It is a highly complex field of studies, whose purpose is to analyze communication systems between living beings, as part of a data collection that seeks to develop artificial intelligences that work in a similar way.
It emerged in 1942, at the end of the Second World War, being the term coined by Norbert Wiener, from the Greek word "κυβερνητική", whose meaning is "art of piloting a ship". Wiener is the father of cybernetics, who, between 1922 and 1923, conducted various studies on Brownian motion, which laid the foundations for cybernetics and the calculus of probabilities.
Wiener, together with the physiologist Arturo Rosenblueth, set out the mission of designing a cannon that could shoot down, with very little margin of error, the fast planes of the enemies, during the Second World War. This arose as part of the problem of not having the ability to aim and lose control of the target's trajectory with ease, as was possible in previous times, so a fast and simple machine was built. This event was, mainly, the one that determined the birth of cybernetics.
