Also called intellectual quotient, under the abbreviation CI, it refers to a unit of measurement used to give value to the intelligence or cognitive abilities that each individual possesses, in relation to their age. For this, specialists in the psychological study have created various tests, which are capable of measuring people's intelligence taking into account four variables: verbal comprehension, perceptual reasoning, working memory and processing speed.
In turn, said intelligence is divided into categories and in the same way the IQ. These “ranges” of scores have been used to predict things like a child's school performance or an individual's need for special education.
It is then said that the IQ ranges, according to their score, are: null cognitive ability (IQ from 0 to 4), profound cognitive disability (IQ from 5 to 19), severe cognitive disability (IQ from 20 to 34), moderate cognitive disability (IQ 35 to 54), mild cognitive disability (IQ 55 to 69), mental retardation (IQ 70 to 84), below average (IQ 85 to 99), established mean (IQ 100), Above Average (IQ 101 to 114), Brilliant Intelligence (IQ 115 to 129), Intellectual Gifted (IQ 130 to 139), Intellectual Genius (IQ 140 to 154), High Intellectual Capabilities (IQ of 155 to 174), exceptional intelligence (IQ 175 to 184), deep intelligence (IQ 185 to 201), and intelligence greater than 201.
Many people have wondered if it is possible to increase their intelligence and although for some intelligence is innate, that is, one is born with it; Others argue that the ability to make intelligent decisions not only depends on the amount of intelligence that one possesses, but also on mental clarity, ability to think fast, attention, concentration and memory, which can be improved through nutrition, according to the statement. of specialists.
Studies on the influence of nutrients provided by food on the functioning of our brain, were initiated by Dr. AL Kabala in 1960, who together with his collaborators conducted an experiment with more than 350 students, dividing them according to the level of vitamin C in your body. Taking the premise that the average IQ is located at 100 points, the result was that those who had a high level of vitamin C in their body had an average of 113 IQ and those with a low level were located at 109, this result showed as only vitamin C could increase the IQ by up to 4.5 points.
Over time there were several scales that were generated, such as the Wechsler, for adults and children, the Kaufman scale, and the Stanford-Binet scale.
It has been discovered that at present 90% of the world population is within the group of "normal intelligence", possessing an IQ between 76 and 129. Only 4% is located in the category of "subnormal" with a IQ ranging from 70 to 75 and 5% are among the gifted with an IQ ranging from 130 onwards.
Despite the importance that IQ studies have taken, there has been talk of an opposition to the fact that these tests are sufficient to represent the intellectual capacity of a person, since it is said that they can cover 25% of it and that the remaining 75% is made up of emotional intelligence and interpersonal intelligence (sociability) that are not taken into account in IQ calculations.
