The word corruption within a social and legal approach is defined as human action that transgresses legal norms and ethical principles. Corruption can occur in any context, in this case corruption in the administrative and political sense will be analyzed.
In a more analytical sense, it can be said that corruption means the intentional breach of the principle of impartiality in order to extract personal or related benefits from this type of conduct. When it is said to violate the principle of impartiality, it is being a reference in the sense that it requires that personal relationships should not influence economic decisions that involve more than one party. For example, a company needs a stationery supplier, so several companies bid to keep the position, however the person in charge of the selection is a relative of one of the applicants, therefore, the tender will be won by the relative.
Both administrative and political corruption refer to crimes that are committed in the exercise of public office, to gain an illegitimate advantage, an act that is committed secretly and privately. The forms of corruption are very varied, some of them are:
Bribery is the most repetitive of crimes against the public administration, and ranges from the delivery of a modest sum to a security officer, to avoid a fine, to the offering of large amounts of money for tax evasion.
Influence peddling, this is when an official uses his influence to get in favor of someone close (a family member for example), an activity that involves a position or a benefit job.
Embezzlement occurs when a subject is illegally enriched to the detriment of the State. The use for the benefit of public goods, the use of materials and equipment other than the object of purchase; they represent acts constituting embezzlement.
The causes that originate this type of corruption can be internal or external. Among the internal causes are: lack of social awareness, lack of education or a culture of commitment, negative and distorted paradigms.
As external elements of corruption are: impunity, low wages, concentration of powers, partisan corporatism.
At the political level, corruption generates a negative impact by producing and consolidating social inequality, and protects the networks of complicity between political and economic elites. Economically the influence corruption in the rising costs of goods and services, encourages project approval based on the value of the capital involved in them, rather than hand work (which is more lucrative for which commits the crime).
