Menstruation is a period, ranging from three to seven days, in which women experience vaginal bleeding. This is the so-called “postovulatory phase”, in which the ovum that is about to be fertilized is not fertilized, causing the endometrium, the mucosa that covers the inside of the uterus, to shed and shed; This, during the menstrual cycle, prepares to receive the fertilized egg and provide the nutrition it requires. It is estimated that a woman's regular menstrual cycle should be 28 days; however, it has been found that most of the adult female population has a cycle of between 21 to 35 days, while the youngest ones have a cycle of between 21 to 45 days.
The organs that take part in this process can be affected by the general conditions of the organism or, well, by various diseases that affect the female reproductive system. Among these conditions is dysmenorrhea, a condition characterized by severe and constant pain before or during menstruation. This can last up to 24 hours and, according to recent statistics, at least a third of women suffer from dysmenorrhea and almost all are at risk of suffering from it. So far, prostaglandins are targetedas the main responsible for the disease; These are receptors that, when present, can dilate smooth cells under the vascular muscles, in addition to sensitizing spinal neurons to pain. Treatment is always recommended by the doctor, but the most common prescription drugs are anti-inflammatories and birth control pills.
Being overweight, being a smoker and having had menarche before the age of 11 are the most common characteristics of a woman prone to dysmenorrhea. It generally manifests as severe pelvic or abdominal pain; although, some patients report that they also feel nausea, headache, dizziness, and may even pass out or vomit. Similarly, to evaluate the causes, it is important to determine what type of dysmenorrhea is suffered, this can be primary, much more frequent in the population between 17 and 25 years old, whose origin lies in the hormonal imbalance typical of age; meanwhile, secondary dysmenorrhea is that produced by cysts, endometriosis, uterine fibroids or infections, and is characterized by being more durable, presenting one weekbefore menstruation, in addition to being present throughout the period.
