It called scenography both art and technique of design and decoration of scenic areas, as well as the resulting set of visual elements that allow a way realistic, ideal or symbolic place in which an action takes place and constitute a stage production. Said elements can be corporeal, such as decoration and props; Lighting, characterization, including costumes, makeup, and hairdressing are also included. It can also be defined as staging various live performances, most notably the theater, dance, opera, operetta, circus etc.
The scenography is made up of those visual elements that are part of the staging, such as the decoration, accessories and lighting. It is important to note that scenography does not only exist in theater, cinema and television, since in addition to the cases mentioned also have scenography, TV programs that are not fiction, such as news or a newspaper program.
The first signs of the scenery go back to the theater of Ancient Greece. However, it should be noted that the Greeks, whose civilization has undoubtedly influenced considerably in very diverse fields such as language, politics, education and the arts, went a little further: creating an artifact called periact, which has the ability to alternate decorations depending on the need of each scene.
For a long time, the most common method of changing or hiding scenery was by displaying a backdrop in the background. Nowadays, however, it is quite common to use panels and walls, to change it much faster.
Dentro de una obra teatral, la escenografía posee un papel muy importante, incluso para aquellos que dicen posar su atención de manera exclusiva en los actores y los músicos, de acuerdo al tipo de presentación que corresponda. El secreto no se encuentra en la abundancia, ni en la atención que se le presta a cada detalle o en la calidad de los materiales, el secreto está en la validez que cada elemento parezca tener dentro del contexto de la obra en sí.
