It is a cavitary organ that is located between the esophagus and the small intestine, measures 25 centimeters long and 12 in diameter and about 1,300 cubic centimeters in capacity, it is distinguished in three areas: the cardia, which separates it from the esophagus and has a valve that prevents stomach reflux; the pyrolus, with another valve that separates it from the small intestine; and the bottom, a region rich in gastric juice-producing glands. Its function is to receive the already unhealthy and chewed food, mix it with the gastric juice it secretes and empty it through the pyrolus.
The tissues of the stomach are made up of layers in its walls, characterized by: The mucous layer, which in turn has three layers: the epithelium, located in the cardia and the apical pole that passes a layer of gastric mucus that serves as protection of what is ingested, the mucous membrane itself that secretes viscous and thick secretions to lubricate the stomach, and the muscular lamina of the mucosa, which is composed of two layers similar to each other.
This mucous layer is the gastric muscle, which, thanks to its contractions, mixes food with gastric juices. The succulent layer; that is formed by the dense connective tissue that this tissue that connects various parts of the body, being in it the blood vessels, lymphatics and nerve endings. The muscular layer; being the gastric muscle contracting with a movement called peristaltic, mixing the food and taking it to the pyrolus. The serous layer; envelops the stomach in its entirety. Forming the lesser omentum, the greater omentum and the gastrophenic ligament.
It is estimated that it has about fifteen million glands, of which we can mention the cardia gland, oxyntic glands, gastric or fundic glands; these last two located in the fundus. The autonomic nervous system is the one that controls the stomach, along with the vagus nerve which is the main component of the parasympathetic nervous system. This complex compound is made by the process of digestion, which is where they are transformed and absorb food.
