The pharynx is the name by which a muscular system whose shape is tubular is called, this structure is covered by a membrane with mucous characteristics and it is located in the neck region of people, being more specific in terms of its location, the pharynx extends from the external base of the skull to the sixth cervical vertebra, however in some cases it can extend to the seventh vertebra; Regarding its size, experts affirm that the average is approximately 13 centimeters in length. Among its main characteristics stands out the factthat connects the mouth and the nostrils with the esophagus and the larynx respectively, and that through this step of the and the food is given reason why both part of the digestive system and the respiratory, being A cartilaginous piece called the epiglottis responsible for separating the two tracks.
Within the pharynx it is possible to recognize three areas and they are the following. The lower pharynx, also called the laryngopharynx or hypopharynx, extends from the border with the esophagus to below the epiglottis. Middle pharynx, oropharynx or oropharynx it is formed between the epiglottis and the soft palate. Finally, the upper pharynx, nasopharynx or rhinopharynx, is located from the soft palate to the back of the nasal cavity.
Regarding its functions, the pharynx intervenes in the process of respiration, since, as mentioned previously, the air passes through it, in the same way it participates in swallowing, as well as in the previous case the food bolus enters through the mouth, crosses the pharynx and continues on its way to the esophagus, in addition to this it participates in the process known as phonation, acting in this case as a resonator, to a lesser extent it intervenes in hearing since this structure is attached to the auditory tube.
On the other hand, among the pathologies and disorders that can affect the pharynx, pharyngitis stands out since it is generally one of the most frequent. This occurs at the moment in which the mucosa surrounding the structure becomes inflamed, which generates serious difficulties in swallowing, among other problems. Pharyngitis can occur from an infection caused by a virus or bacteria, or even from an allergic reaction.
