An astronomical theory is known as geocentrism that determined the Earth as the center of the Universe and that the other planets were part of its surroundings. Such belief was supported by Aristotle in the fourth century BC followed by Ptolemy long time afterwards. It was taken as a valid explanation until the 15th century when Copernicus and Galileo presented completely different theories to the world, such as Heliocentrism, which proposes the sun as the center of the universe and the other planets revolved around it.
This theory was based on the circular movements of the planets, being called epicycles. There were other theoretical principles that accompany this belief as the finiteness of the universe and the world divided into two distinct spheres (sphere sublunary sphere and supralunar). Despite not being a theory accepted by scientists and even today this belief is held by some extravagant researchers, still wondering what was the reason for its acceptance through all those years, 20 centuries specifically.
At that time it was thought that the earth did not move and that in turn it occupied the entire center of the Universe. Starting from the fact that man was the center of creation in humanity, it could be concluded that therefore the earth was also the same, which was somewhat logical, this theory was called Anthropocentrism and was the complement of geocentrism, being even accepted by the Christianity. These explanations were losing force in antiquity when Aristarco de Samos presented his hypotheses which were rejected by the church.
In the 15th century, Copernicus and his research were the ones that finally weakened the theory of geocentrism, which was called "The Copernican Revolution" since the research presented by it on planetary movements were those that determined the contribution of other astronomers in the theory. Heliocentric. Among the best known contributions are Tycho Brahe who observed the spheres of the Moon noting that they were not immutable, demonstrating that some data on geocentrism were completely wrong, in addition to having Kepler's Laws introducing planetary movements based on the elliptical orbits seen. from a telescope and Galileo's observations to put an end to the theory of geocentrism.