An inheritance is the objects, assets and properties that, through a will, are part of a legacy which will be delivered to a group of people called heirs. An inheritance is delivered at the time of the death of the person who owns the will, it is executed with the preparation of the document made by a lawyer, there are presented all the conditions of how the inheritance will be distributed, who or who will be the beneficiaries, why these goods are delivered to them, the time stipulated for the resolution of said document and other relevant aspects.
What is inheritance
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The etymology of inheritance comes from the Latin haerentia, which refers to things that are attached or united. As mentioned previously, inheritance is a privilege or a right to inherit objects, goods, obligations or, in the case of inheritance in biology, receive direct characteristics from the parents. Within the synonymous inheritance, there is the succession, transmission, patrimony or legacy. Although when speaking of inheritance, reference is made to a legal framework, there are also other types of succession.
The types of succession are headed by inheritance in biology (in which Mendelian inheritance can be discussed extensively), rebirth inheritance, and programming inheritance.
Legal inheritance
An inheritance can only be written by the person himself, after the death of this, said document cannot be altered, as well as the will of the deceased cannot be modified at the discretion of the heirs, that is, they must take what they are corresponds without discussion.
There is also the meaning of inheritance rae (Spanish Royal Academy), which defines the term as a set of obligations, rights and assets that are transferable to their heirs or their legatees just when the person who owns all those assets dies.
In this succession, the heirs who, being natural or legal persons, have the total or partial right to possess the assets that are part of the inheritance. This and all the details that relate to legal inheritance are regulated by inheritance law and this tends to vary according to the laws of each territory, but the only thing that does not change is that successions are subject to inheritance tax. and donations.
The figure of a digital inheritance has recently appeared, this is made up of a set of digital assets, such as files, profiles, accounts, emails, photographs, documents located and protected in the cloud, videos and all kinds of files that are in social networks and that are owned by a person, who can decide who stays with them after their death. There is still no legislation that regulates this inheritance, but the social network Facebook has called it a legacy contact.
History
Heredity has been present on earth for many centuries, however it was not applied in the same way throughout the world. Previously, only male children could inherit the property of the deceased person, whereas, in other cultures, women were the only ones with the right to inherit. Equal inheritance is currently used, in which there is no discrimination based on gender or birth order.
General fundamentals
The basis of this type of succession is based on the autonomy of the will of the rule of law, private property and the family institution.
Biological inheritance
The term inheritance also applies to all those biological and genetic aspects that a person adopts from the previous family link, that is, in a clear example, it can be said that a person looks like his father, but has the eyes of his mother.
This implies that the natural and physical traits of the parents are inherited, as well as attitudes are inherited, which are adopted in the course of growth, in the ways of conducting themselves in life and many other important aspects.
This process is due to the realization of a complex system of DNA data transmission through sexual reproduction that both the mother and the father provide. The sperm has a sufficient DNA load for genetic inheritance, while the woman, in the egg that fertilizes the sperm, also has distinctions that the fetus will inherit. Through breastfeeding, hormones from the pituitary and hypothalamus nourish the young infant with DNA from the mother's genetic code.
Genetic data are important, they are carried from generation to generation, some are even traditional marks in a lineage that will last over time.
The genetic inheritance is composed of characters from the genome and phenotype that living beings receive from their parents (sex - linked inheritance). This inheritance is transmitted through the genetic material located in the cell nucleus of living beings, in addition, it supposes that the descendant will have characteristics similar to those of both parents or, in the least of the cases, of a single parent.
Characteristics of genetic inheritance
These characteristics vary according to the type of inheritance, for example, there is the dominant one, which is characterized by having one allele that prevails over the other and, consequently, there are more marked features of one of the parents. There is also the incomplete dominant inheritance, which is manifested when none of the alleles manages to dominate the other, in this sense, the descending trait is a mixture of both alleles.
On the other hand, polygenic inheritance occurs when a characteristic is controlled or dominated by multiple genes, for this reason, two genes are in charge of determining a specific trait.
Finally, there is inheritance linked to sex or better known as Mendelian inheritance, which is characterized in that the alleles that are located on the sex chromosomes, that is, X and Y, are responsible for transmitting the genes that determine whether the descendants will have male or female traits, in addition, they are also responsible for other characteristics according to the alleles. Males have one X and one Y chromosome, while women have two X chromosomes.
Cultural heritage
The inheritance is also related or linked to the cultural, economic and social traits existing in the different countries of the world. These features are of maximum influence in each territory, as it represents the identity of the citizens, starting with the typical foods, the religion that is practiced, the clothing or the type of music that is heard in that country.
It is about folklore, the cultural heritage that abounds in the world and that differs from many territories by independent characteristics.
For example, in a religious setting, there is the biblical meaning inheritance and most believers perform the same rites and offerings (go to mass, collaborate with the church, pray, celebrate Easter, etc.). Cultural heritage is more than celebrations by region, they are bodily and incorporeal heritages, beliefs, rites, a way of life full of customs, traditions and social practices that are passed from generation to generation.
The objective is key and very clear: to establish individualistic characteristics that highlight each territory and, consequently, its inhabitants.
Cultural heritage
If the cultural heritage of a country must be highlighted, the Palenque National Park, located in Mexico, is the best example. It is a city of pre-Hispanic origin, Mexican cultural heritage that has made a difference throughout the world, positioning itself as one of the oldest pyramids in the world. In addition, it embodies part of the architecture and social form of the Mexican ancestors, as well as the Mayan culture that has been mentioned in history and that has become quite famous for its art.
It is also important to highlight the language, another cultural heritage that should be mentioned. In the case of Mexico, there is not only Spanish, but also Nahuatl. On the other hand, the culinary customs, the best known being the taco and the hot peppers.
Mexico is a territory full of cultural heritage and promises to continue being so, as a good part of the population keeps traditions alive (the day of the dead, for example).
Computer inheritance
It is a mechanism used to achieve the scope of some very important objects in the development of a software, these are extensibility and reuse.
Thanks to this type of inheritance, designers or software developers can come up with innovative classes, which can be a pre-existing class or hierarchy and which, obviously, have been fully verified and verified. With this, modification, redesign and verification of the part that has already been implemented is avoided.
This inheritance makes the creation of objects from other preexisting objects easier, but this implies that a subclass obtains all the methods and, later, the attributes or variables of its surface.
Now, as for the general and the specific class, both are closely related, for example, when the paragraph class that is derived from another class is declared, all the methods and variables associated with the text class are inherited from automatically by the paragraph subclass.
Likewise, this inheritance is part of the mechanisms of programming languages that are object-oriented, whose base is in the classes. Thanks to this, a class that has been derived from another, extends its functionality. In the word or programming language, it is explained that the class that has been inherited tends to dominate the base class, parent class, superclass and the ancestor class.
This language also has a strong, strict and restrictive system that is related to the type of data existing in the variables, in fact, inheritance tends to be a special and imperative requirement to apply polymorphism.
When polymorphism is applied, it is done through a mechanism that allows deciding the time at which the execution begins and which method should be invoked in response to receiving messages. This is known as the late or dynamic link. After knowing what is really this heritage, we can talk extensively about the programming object-oriented characteristics and objectives.
Object-oriented programming
It is a class that represents an object, which has a number of varied properties and that, in addition, can perform different functions, these functions are called methods. It is also possible that this class can inherit characteristics from different classes.
For example, if you take a class called entity and it has properties that, in turn, are coordinates of its own location in three-dimensional space that are represented by the initials X, Y and Z. The most logical thing is that any another class that needs to store its position, is a descendant of that same entity.
Employing these principles is extremely useful, even more so when trying to create a class of projectile that needs variables of the position of the entity explained above, but that would also necessarily need certain properties, some more specific, for example, speed, type of projectile, graph, etc.
Another point to note is that if the class with the highest hierarchy has its own methods, the inheriting classes would also have them, in fact, they can use them at any time and redefine them to implement it differently from the original.
