Hydrogensomes are the strangest eukaryotic organelles with the highest growth in the world. This organelle is located in the cytoplasm, it is composed of a double tissue, where the inner membrane gives to show a crest appearance. Hydrogensomes evolved from mitochondria by the escape of elemental mitochondrial characteristics, such as the loss of their genome.
The size of these organelles is approximately one diameter. Its main function is to intervene in the process of fermentation metabolism of some beings chosen to acquire ATP (energy molecule) in circumstances of lack of oxygen. It should be noted that this function is similar to the mitochondrial respiration carried out by anaerobic microorganisms. In them, pyruvic acids are decomposed, which are the essential molecules within metabolism, it is located precisely in the center of the pathways for obtaining energy from each and every living being. The decomposition of pyruvic acids is a process carried out by the hydrogenome that absorbs CO2, acetate which is expelled into the cell cytoplasm.
Now, the process explained above could describe the evolution of mitochondria, however this must be found out very carefully, since it is not known exactly whether mitochondria and hydrogensomes are organelles that have evolved together. Specifically, it would be necessary to investigate whether hydrogensomes have electron transport chains. This is uniquely important as hydrogen transport is compromised within the respiration process. Now, if both organelles use similar proteins, it can be deduced that they are linked and by contrasting these proteins with similar bacterial ones, it will be possible to really know if the hydrogenosomes are derived from the mitochondria or on the contrary, they have independent origins
Finally, it should be added that the discovery of these organelles was made in the 70s.
