They are known by the name of Mendel's Laws to a series of norms (three in total) in which the process through which genetic transmission occurs and the properties of parents towards their children is established, it can be said that These represent the fundamental basis of genetics. Its creator was Gregor Mendel, when in 1865 he published a set of investigations that would ultimately have great relevance, coming to be considered as a feat for the development of biology, since in these writings new developments were detailed with incredible precision. theories of inheritance.
Mendel's laws are three in total and they detail how the physical characteristics of a new being will be, in general, these rules are used to explain the transmission of hereditary characteristics from parents to children, so so many experts affirm that the first law should not be considered, since it would be a mistake to say that the uniformity of genetically mixed organisms that Gregor Mendel described in his research are taken as a law of genetic transmission, since the dominance of the genes has no relation to their transmission, but on the contrary affects the way in which the genes are expressed. For this reason and despite the fact that there are 3 laws, only 2 are those that explain the inheritance of genes from a parent to a child.
The first law is called the law of uniformity, it establishes that if two individuals of the same race are mixed, for a specific character, the heirs belonging to the first generation must all be equal to each other, both in their characters phenotypic and genotypic, being physically identical to one of the two parents, which in that case would be that of the dominant gene, regardless of the way in which the mixture is presented.
For its part, in the second law called the law of segregation, it is stated that during the process of gamete formation, each allele of a total of 2 must separate from the other, in order to establish the genetic conformation speaking of filial gamete.
In the last law called the law of independent association, it is established that traits can be inherited indifferently from each other, that is, there is no relationship between one and the other, it should be noted that this only occurs when there are genes that are not in a same chromosome.
