Martin Luther He was born on November 10, 1483 in the city of Eisleben in Germany. His family carried the Luther surname in different variants, such as Lüder, Luder, Loder, Lauther, among others. His father was Hans and his mother Margaret, who were farmers and mine owners. Historians have the thesis that he was the first or second child of approximately nine siblings. During his childhood he remained in the nearby town of Mansfield. He studied at the Latin school in Mansfeld from the year 1488 and later continued in Magdeburg and finally in Eisenach.
Already in 1501, he went to Erfurt to study with the aim of becoming a lawyer. Four years later he would succeed. Later he entered the Augustinian monastery in Erfurt. Already in 1506 he exercised profession as a monk and in 1507 he became a priest. Three years later he graduated in theology and returned to the city of Erfurt.
In the year 1510 he went to the city of Rome as the official representative of seven Augustinian monasteries. On this trip he felt outraged by the worldliness that invaded the clergy. By 1512 he received his doctorate and assumed the chair of biblical theology until his death. In October 1517 he became a well-known person for exposing his 95 theses or propositions at the door of the church of All Saints located in Wittenberg, which were written in Latin and expressed his thoughts against the sale of indulgences for the great work of Popes Julius II and Leo X: St. Peter's Basilica located in the city of Rome.
In April 1521, he was summoned before Emperor Charles V to the meeting that was called the Diet of Worms, where he was asked to recant before the empire and ecclesiastical authorities who were at that meeting. However, Luther refused, arguing that to do so they would have to convince him with biblical texts and reason. The case that originated in Wittenberg by his followers forced him to return to the city in March 1521. Involving himself in the so-called peasant war.
In 1525 he took Catalina de Bora as his wife, who at the time was a nun, who would end up becoming his collaborator. With Catalina he would have three daughters and three sons who were born in Wittenberg. After he articulated his basic theology in his early writings, he published his most popular book, Little Catechism (1529) in which he describes the theology of the Evangelical Reformation by briefly commenting, in the form of questions and answers, on the Ten Commandments among other aspects.
