It is known as dark matter, a type of matter that does not emit enough electromagnetic radiation to be detected by the usual means, this means that its existence is in doubt, but it is deduced by the gravitational effects it has on matter visible, as is the case with stars and also galaxies. Despite this, it is believed that a quarter of the universe is made up of invisible matter.
Today there is a theory about the detection of this matter, this hypothesis is called "supersymmetry", which is responsible for explaining the fundamental interactions of the particles, showing the existence of dark matter, however, it is It is important to note that, so far, no study has been completely explanatory.
Dark matter was a proposal made by Fritz Zwicky in 1933, motivated by the evidence of a "non-visible mass" that influenced the orbital speeds of galaxies in clusters. After this precedent, other observations have indicated the presence of dark matter in the universe: some renowned cases of such an assertion are the aforementioned speed of rotation of galaxies, the gravitational lenses that background objects possess by galaxy clusters, such as it is the case of the Bullet Cluster and finally the distribution of the temperature of the hot gas in galaxies and the cluster of them.
It should be noted that the aforementioned dark matter also plays an important role in the formation of structures and the evolution of galaxies and also has measurable effects within the anisotropy of the microwave background radiation. Such evidence suggests that galaxies, galaxy clusters, and the entire Universe contain much more matter compared to that which interacts with electromagnetic radiation: the rest is called "the dark matter component."
