The term Mortality refers in part to the quality of mortal; that is, of what has to die or is subject to death, quite the opposite of life.
Mortality in the demographic area is the relationship that exists between the number of deaths that occurred during a given time, usually one (1) year, and the total population of any geographic entity.
The phenomenon of mortality is expressed through the mortality rate or index, which can be defined as the number of deaths per thousand inhabitants in relation to the total population over an established period. It is usually expressed as a percentage or as a percentage per thousand.
The standard of living and culture of a population considerably affects the mortality rate; since the probabilities of subsistence of the troops of a population depend a lot on their standard of living.
For thousands of years, mortality was very high throughout the world, therefore, population growth was very slow. From the Industrial Revolution; However, the progressive decline in the birth rate in currently developed countries begins, a decline that became general in underdeveloped countries in the middle of the 20th century, when levels of medical and health care improved substantially.
The decrease in the mortality rate in a specific country or region is due to this improvement factor, as well as to the expansion of environmental sanitation services, elimination of endemic diseases, and higher levels of quality of life.
Today, mortality rates are high in countries with fewer resources (more diseases, weak sanitary structure, poor hygiene, poor diet), and are minimal in developed countries (greater technological possibilities and greater social well-being).
