Neuropharmacology appears in the scientific field at the beginning of the 20th century because finally scientists were able to understand the bases of the nervous system and how the nerves communicate with each other, before this discovery, drugs had been found that somehow demonstrated the influence of its effect on the nervous system.
In 1930 French scientists began to work with a compound called phenothiazine with the aim and hope of synthesizing a drug that could fight malaria, however this was a failed attempt for science. However it was shown to have sedative effects with what appeared effects beneficial to patients with the disease of Parkinson.
By the late 1940s, scientists were able to identify neurotransmitters such as norepinephrine (involved in the contraction of blood vessels and the increase in heart rate and blood pressure). Dopamine (a substance whose shortage is present in Parkinson's disease), serotonin (known for its benefit with respect to depression) the invention of voltage fixation in 1949 and the nerve action potential were historical events in neuropharmacology allowing the Scientists study how a neuron processes information within it.
This scope is very broad and encompasses many aspects of the nervous system from the manipulation of a single neuron to entire areas of the brain, spinal cord and peripheral nerves. For a better understanding of the basis of drug development, it is first necessary to understand how neurons communicate with each other.
Finalmente la neurología se basa en el estudio de como las drogas afectan la función celular en el sistema nervioso y los mecanismos neuronales en los que influye en el comportamiento, existen dos ramas principales de la neurología: conductual: se basa en el estudio de como las drogas afectan el comportamiento del ser viviente y molecular: involucra el estudio de las neuronas y sus interacciones neuroquímicas, con el propósito de crear drogas que beneficien el sistema neurológico del cerebro. Ambos campos se relacionan ya que se preocupan por las relaciones de los neurotransmisores, neurolépticos, neurohormonas, neuromoduladores, enzimas, entre otros.
