The UN is known as the acronym for the United Nations, which is heir to the League of Nations in the 1920s. It is an international organization of nation-states based on the principle of sovereign equality.
According to the founding charter (Charter of the United Nations), which entered into force on October 24, 1945, the UN was established that day to maintain international peace and security, as well as to promote ties of union and friendship between member countries, strengthen cooperation between all countries to solve economic, social, cultural or humanitarian problems, and promote respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms.
The UN was originally founded by 51 member countries, today it has increased to 192. Part of the commitments made by these member states is to comply with the obligations they have assumed and resolve international disputes through peaceful means, eliminating the threat or the use of force.
One of the most important steps in the history of the UN was in 1948, in which the Universal Declaration of Human Rights was established, an emblematic landmark of the recognition, description and consecration of the rights that make up the essence and dignity of the human being. for the mere fact of being it in the whole world.
It could be said that the United Nations is not a world government, nor does it make laws. It only provides the means necessary to find solutions to international conflicts and formulate policies on matters that affect us all. All Member States, large and small, rich and poor, with different political points of view and social systems, have a voice and vote in this process.
The UN structure consists of 6 main bodies, five of them at its headquarters in New York (National Assembly, Security Council, Economic and Social Council, Trusteeship or Trusteeship Council and the General Secretary); and the sixth, is the International Court of Justice which is in The Hague (Netherlands).
Likewise, the UN is comprised of various specialized organizations such as WHO (World Health Organization), UNESCO (Organization for education, science and culture), ILO (International Labor Organization), IMF (International Monetary Fund), World Bank, etc. There are also programs and funds, such as the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), among others.
It should be noted that one of the central themes of the UN in this new century is to facilitate assistance resources for the least developed countries through the Millennium Development Goals (MDG) program, which seeks to achieve by 2015: eradicate extreme poverty and hunger, targeting primary education, promoting gender equality, reducing infant mortality, improving maternal health, fighting AIDS, ensuring a better environment and fostering a global partnership for development.
