Seismology is one of the branches of geophysics, whose main objective is to study telluric movements. The earthquakes, it should be noted, are the abrupt and sudden shaking of the earth's crust that, depending on the terrain in which they occur, can end up being considered earthquakes. In the background it is also in charge of studying the tectonic plates, since these, when moving, are the cause of mechanical or seismic waves; To this are added the tidal waves (earthquakes that occurred on the seabed), in addition to the tsunamis, the gigantic waves produced by the agitation of the sea in the shaking.
Since time immemorial, man has questioned the reason for earthquakes. One of the oldest documents on this subject is attributed to Thales de Mileto (circa 585 BC), where it was speculated on the natural causes of earthquakes. In our days, it has been possible to discern enough on the subject, including the concepts of the epicenter, the epicenter and the replicas, in addition to knowing that they are movements products of the release of energy at the edges of the tectonic plates.
This discipline, in a broad sense, has certain objectives, being these: to investigate the propagation of seismic waves within the Earth's crust, studies the causes that give rise to earthquakes, studies the possibilities of preventing seismic damage, in addition to alert communities that are prone to being victims of an earthquake. In this way, not only can much more be done on this type of terrestrial phenomena, different methods of preventing structural damage can also be designed, both in urban and rural areas.. This, to date, which can be achieved from the investigations carried out, since a way to predict earthquakes has not yet been discovered; although, definitely, risk areas can be identified.
