The word system comes from the Latin “systēma” and from the Greek “σύστημα”, it is a complete element where its components are linked to another component, both material and conceptual. Methods have composition, organization and domain, but only material systems have mechanisms and only some of them have shape or configuration. There are several types of systems in which the abstract, physical, concrete and open or closed are found, some of them are classified according to their composition or according to their nature.
What is Sistema
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The definition of a system indicates that it is a series of elements that are interconnected and whose operation is as a whole. The elements that make it up can be diverse, such as a group of perfectly structured guidelines or principles about a theory, science or matter, some examples of this can be economic systems and political systems.
It is important to clarify that this concept is not the same as that of device, since the meaning of system and its use is very different from that of device.
How a System Works
Systems can be varied as well as the functions they fulfill, they will depend on their structure, however, in the case of mechanical or biological systems, this assertion is intuitive. An example of this is the case of the tissues that make up the muscles, since they have the ability to contract, since the structure of the cells allows them to do so.
The definition of the system within science has gained great importance, however, in the administrative branch is where it has had the greatest influence, other examples can be physiology with the nervous, digestive and circulatory systems, astronomy for its part presents the system solar, economics also studies the concept of economic system, while sociology does the same with the social system and so on it can continue with a large number of branches where the systems say present.
Characteristics of a System
According to experts, the definition of a system is related to two other concepts, which are " globalism " that can be translated as "totality" and the second is "purpose", both are the reflection of the main characteristics of what which is a method since the others originate from these two.
Other outstanding features are:
- Purpose or objective: all systems must have a purpose, both the objectives and the relationships that occur within it, spread the distribution with which it is sought to meet an objective.
- Globalism or totality: they are of organic origin, therefore, if there is an action that causes modifications in any element of it, it is likely that restorations will occur in the rest of the elements, due to the relationship between each of them. The total consequences of these changes will be presented as an adjustment of the system, all this is of great relevance when it comes to understanding the meaning of the system and the study of them.
- Entropy: taking into account the meaning of system, entropy is defined as the tendency that systems have to wear out, disintegrate, lower standards and increase randomness, the higher the entropy, the greater the simplicity of these methods. An example of this can be observed within the second law of thermodynamics, which states that with time the entropy of the systems rises.
- Homeostasis: it is the common balance that exists between the parts, generally the systems tend to adapt, in order to achieve an internal balance that allows it to cope with the changes of the environment in which it is.
Systems Types
They can be very varied and their typology is also extensive, however there are certain characteristics that allow their identification, such as according to their constitution, these can be classified as follows:
Abstract Systems
They are those that are made up of plans, concepts, hypotheses, ideas, etc. In this case, the symbols are the representation of objects and attributes, which in many cases only exist in people's minds, this is an important piece of information to understand the meaning of abstract system.
Physical or Concrete Systems
Made up of machinery, equipment, objects or anything tangible, they can be described in quantitative terms of their performance.
According to the nature of the systems, they can be classified into:
Closed Systems
Characteristic by the fact of not having exchange with the environment that surrounds it, since they are distinguished by being quite closed from any influence of the environment. In this way, as they are not influenced by external agents, they cannot cause any change abroad.
Open Systems
They are completely opposite to the closed ones, since as their name indicates, they have exchange with the environment around them through inputs and outputs, they have the ability to exchange energy and matter with their environment on a regular basis. They adapt effectively, since in order to live, they must adapt to the constant modifications of the environment.
System Examples
Within the everyday life, the examples of systems that can be found are many, as is the case of the biology system or the biological system.
Circulatory system
They can be found in most living beings, it is made up of veins, arteries and the heart, being responsible for transferring oxygenated blood to the whole body, so that it can function perfectly.
Closed Thermal System
An example of this can be the thermos for hot water or coffee, since it is made with a material that serves as an insulator to prevent heat loss, thus conserving heat energy within the liquid system.
Linguistic System
The language spoken in any region can fall into this category, it is made up of sounds and signs, which when put together, have the ability to create a message.
Solar system
It is one of the best known examples of a system, in this system the planet Earth is located, which is made up of planets, stars and other stars, all of them revolving around the sun with an elliptical trajectory, which are attracted by force serious.
Definition of Educational System
This concept indicates that it is the teaching structure that is constituted by a group of organizations and institutions that are in charge of providing service, financing and regulating the exercise of education. All this according to the relations, policies, measures and structures that are dictated by the State.
In Hispano-America, the educational system began to be structured after the independence of each country was established. This structuring process was highly influenced by currents such as the illustration that occurred in Europe during the 18th century and the Enlightenment. The most outstanding characteristic of that time was that the state had to exercise the function of educating, however, with the passage of time it would be known as the teaching state.
Types of Educational Systems
Montessori Educational System
This is one of the most widely used educational systems worldwide, created by María Montessori and which establishes its bases in learning as something fun and attractive that can be done through games, always respecting the rhythm and individualities of learning of each student. In this type of case, the child is the center of learning and to teach the lessons, didactic methods are usually used, their main ideals are: freedom, autonomy of the child, development of the will, self-discipline and the right to choose.
Constructivist method
Here the objective is not for the student to learn everything by heart, but on the contrary, to acquire the necessary knowledge to use the educational tools they have and in that way, use the knowledge they require to face daily challenges. the constructivist method is characterized by being quite practical.
Waldorf method
It was created by Rudolf Steiner, a philosopher of Swiss origin, this method has certain similar aspects with that of Montessori, since in this case children are seen as a fundamental element for a social renewal in the future. To do this, the focus is on each child, on their creativity and skills and on how they are used for the common good. In this case the pressure of grades and exams is not present, in addition to everything, it also seeks to improve the skills of each child without neglecting group work.
Pikler pedagogy
This is characterized by laying its foundations on the autonomy and independence of the child from an early age, knowledge is imparted through the attachment theory proposed by Montessori and partly also by that of the constructivist. In order for the child to meet his goals, it is stated that he must be autonomous, but in order for him to have this quality, it is necessary that he be given affection and a great attachment to those who surround him, educate him and take care of him.
Democratic Schools
Its ideal is not hierarchical, that is, children and teachers are on the same level. In schools where this method is applied, children's curiosity and initiative to learn are encouraged, and they are allowed to decide about what they want and when they want it. Its working methods are based on the democratic principle. The qualifications do not exist, however the penalties are present. When a child acts badly, the rest of the children meet to discuss a possible solution, in the case of not solving anything, a corresponding punishment is established.
What is a Computer System
A computer system is called the one that makes the storage and processing of information possible, this is also known as a binary system and it is a group of interconnected elements, such as computer personnel, hardware and software. In the case of hardware, it is made up of electronic devices such as computers, which are made up of processors, external storage systems, among others.
On the other hand, the system software is made up of the firmware, the applications and the operating system, this is of great importance within the systems to manage databases. Finally, the human element, which is made up of trained personnel, who are in charge of maintaining the system and providing support to the users who use it.
The binary system goes through different stages during its lifetime, from maintenance to capturing requirements. Today different computer systems are used within the public administration, such is the case of companies that provide services to their clients, the police operator system, among others. It should also be noted that binary systems are structured in subsystems, as shown below.
- Physical subsystem: it is related to the hardware, it is made up of memory, CPU, input and output peripherals and memory.
- Logical subsystem: it is related to the system and architecture software, consisting of database, firmware, applications and operating system.
What is an Operative System
An operating system is a group of computer programs that make possible the effective management of the resources that a computer has. All these programs start to work once the computer is turned on, since they are in charge of managing the hardware from the initial levels and also make interaction with the user possible.
It is important to mention that system software is not only present in computers, since they are present in a large part of electronic devices that have microprocessors, what the operating system does is that the device performs its functions correctly, some examples are the DVD player and the cell phone.
Functions of the Operating System
Some of the basic functions of the operating system are to provide user interface, file and resource management, task management, utility service, and support. Regarding the user interface, the system ensures that whoever uses it can access files, load programs and other tasks with the computer. By managing resources, it is possible to manage hardware, including networks and peripherals. The operating system also allows you to control the deletion, creation and management of files, as well as the management of computer tasks performed by users.
Meaning of System of Equations in Mathematics
In mathematical sciences the meaning of the system of equations is an important issue, defining the latter as a group of several equations that have two or more unknowns, which form a mathematical problem, this problem consists of locating the values of each present unknown in said problem.
Within a system of algebraic equations, the unknowns are values lower than the constants, however in a differential equation, the unknowns are distributions of a previously defined set. Therefore, a solution to the problem could be a function or value that, when supplanted in the system equations, causes them to be fulfilled automatically, without actually contradicting each other.
What is a Technical System
This is the name given to the devices that are made up of physical entities and human personnel and whose function is to transform something, with the aim of obtaining a characteristic result of the system, as long as it is something beneficial.
More broadly, it can be said that it is that system of actions that are intentionally oriented to the modification of certain objects, in order to achieve a positive result. It is made up of the following elements: agents, materials, structures, components, objectives and results. An example of this may be the economic system of a state.
What is the System in Biology
It is a group of organs that have embryological origin and a similar structure. The nervous system is a clear example of this, in the same way so are: the respiratory and digestive systems.
The biology system has a certain degree of coherence in its morphology and functioning, both in the tissues that compose it and in the organs, as well as the structures of embryological origin.
Nervous system
This is made up of the nerves, the spinal cord and the brain, it is divided into two parts, the peripheral nervous system and the central nervous system, the latter consisting of the spinal cord and the brain.
Digestive system
The digestive system is a group of organs that are responsible for the digestion process, that is, it is responsible for modifying food so that the body's cells can absorb nutrients.
function of the digestive system
The main function of this is to allow the nutrients contained in food to enter the bloodstream and subsequently to each cell of the body, so that they can transform it into energy. This is responsible for modifying highly complex molecules that come from food, into simpler substances that can be used by the body more easily.
Respiratory system
The respiratory system is a group of organs that living beings have, this one is for the exchange of gases with the environment, its operation and structure can vary greatly depending on the type of habitat and the type of organism.
Respiratory System Function
As mentioned above, the function of this is the exchange of gases between the atmosphere and the body, since when oxygen enters the body, it is responsible for extracting the necessary nutrients and discarding the rest to the environment.
Circulatory system
It is responsible for moving, distributing and pumping blood throughout the body, it is made up of the heart, veins, arteries and capillaries.
Endocrine system
Also known as the glandular secretion system, it is a group of tissues and organs in the body, which secrete substances known as hormones, which are released into the blood and regulate certain functions of the body.
Immune system
It is responsible for keeping microorganisms such as viruses, bacteria and fungi out of the body. Similarly, it is responsible for eliminating infectious microorganisms that enter the body.
This is made up of a series of cells and organs that protect the body from infection. The organs that intervene in this system are called lymphoid organs, they are reimbursable for the development, growth and release of lymphocytes.
What can damage the immune system
Poor diet, alcohol intake, immunosuppressive pathologies, drug use, tobacco, X-rays, some medications, chemotherapy, among others.
Muscular system
It is composed of a set of muscles that are voluntarily controlled by the living locomotor body, its main function is to achieve mobility, an act that occurs thanks to the electrical stimuli that come from the nervous system, which causes the muscle fibers to contract.
Lymphatic system
It is a group of organs, ducts and lymphatic vessels, which produce lymph and transport it from the tissues to the circulatory system. The lymphatic system is an important element of the body's immune system.
Integumentary System
Within animal anatomy, the integumentary system is generally the largest structure of an animal, since it completely covers the animal, both on the outside and in various cavities inside.
Urinary system
In humans, the urinary system is a group of organs that are responsible for producing and excreting urine. Nitrogen waste produced by metabolism, as well as various toxic substances, are expelled from the body through urine.
Peripheral nervous system
A group of nerves that function as a link between the brain, spinal cord, and the rest of the body.
Cardiovascular system
composed of the heart and a set of veins, arteries and capillaries, which are responsible for transporting blood throughout the body. An adult person has an average of 5 or 6 liters of blood, while in the case of women it is 4 to 5 liters. The blood carries oxygen and important nutrients to the cells of the body, it also carries waste from the tissues to the different systems that are responsible for their waste.
Limbic system
This is made up of various brain structures, whose function is to regulate physiological responses as a result of some stimuli, this means that this system is where the human instinct is housed.
Locomotor system
The crazy apparatus is a series of structures that make it possible for the body to carry out any movement. The locomotor system is made up of the skeletal and muscular systems.
Excretory system
Also called the urinary system, it is made up of the excretory ducts and the kidneys, in which the excretion process originates, which is nothing other than the cleaning of the blood of waste substances, this waste is what is known as " urine ”, which is expelled through the urethra
Skeletal system
The human skeleton is the group of bones that give the body its structure. In a human adult, the total number of bones is 206 bones that are articulated between them, and that are united by means of tendons, muscles and ligaments. The human skeleton is made up of cartilage tissue and bone tissue.
Autonomic nervous system
It is part of the peripheral nervous system, specifically it is responsible for controlling the involuntary functions of the viscera, such as the heart rate, respiratory rate, sweating, digestion, salivation, pupil dilation, sexual arousal and urination.
Solar system
It is about the planetary set in which the earth and other stars are located, which are rotating in orbit to the sun; It should be noted that the latter is the celestial body that emits its own light
The solar system is the planetary structure in which the Earth and other astronomical objects are found that rotate directly or indirectly in an orbit around a single star known as the Sun, this star is the only celestial body that emits its own light, it thanks to the fusion of hydrogen and later to its transformation into helium within its nucleus.
In general, this set of planets is taught during primary school, using didactic methods such as the solar system, drawings, models, songs, etc.
Planets that make up the Solar System
It is made up of eight planets, each of them at greater or lesser distances from the sun, the following being from less to greater distance: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune.
In the network it is possible to find diversity of information about it. The solar system drawings are of great help to visualize the arrangement of each component that makes it up.
National Seismological System of Mexico
The SSN of Mexico or National Seismological System, is an organization that is part of the Institute of Geophysics of the UNAM (National Autonomous University of Mexico). This aims to establish and maintain the country monitored through an anti-seismic machinery, which operates continuously and with high effectiveness. It was created in 1910 after the agreements that were established in a meeting that took place in France in 1904, where 18 countries were present, including Mexico and where it was agreed to create the International Seismology Association.
Functions of the SSN of Mexico
It is responsible for seismic monitoring 365 days a year, in order to be attentive to any possible earthquake emergency and be the best prepared for it.
