The Sun (from the Latin solus , alone), is a star that has its own light, the center of our Solar System, and constitutes the main calorific and energetic focus of it; that is, it gives light and heat to all the planets, and without it life on Earth would not have been possible, all food and fuel comes from plants that use the energy of sunlight to live. Since ancient times, the Sun has been the object of worship by most primitive peoples, especially those of the East. He was the Osiris of the Egyptians, the Adónis of the Phoenicians, the Phoebus or Apollo of the Greeks and Romans, among others.
The Sun has a radius of 696,000 km and a diameter of 1,392,000 km, about one hundred times the radius of the Earth, the average distance between this planet and the Sun is 150 million km. The surface temperature is 1,000,000 ºC in the crown, and it is composed of various elements such as hydrogen, helium, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, magnesium, iron, among others. This star has two types of movement, like the planets: that of rotation on its axis that takes place in 25 and a half days, and that of translation along the entire solar system around the center of the galaxy.
In the heart or interior of the Sun; that is to say, in its nucleus , which is essentially made up of hydrogen at very high pressure and a temperature of about 15 million degrees ºC, hydrogen is transformed into helium by thermonuclear fusion. Radiant energy passes from the core to the surface of the Sun and from there it radiates into outer space. The photosphere (sphere of light) extends around the nucleus, it is the visible surface of the Sun and it is where sunspots are produced, which are short-term calorific phenomena; Surrounding the photosphere there is a layer of gases forming a kind of atmosphere, this is the chromosphere , where large gaseous clouds called solar prominences form.
The last layer of the Sun is the crown , which is the outermost area, made up of luminous plumes and filaments generally radial. On the surface of the Sun, the solar wind sometimes occurs, a stream of protons and neutrons with a speed of 1.6 million km / h, which sweeps without interruption the atmosphere of the star and covers practically the entire Solar System. On the other hand, the term Sun refers to the person who has a lot of goodness and kindness. For example: that teacher is a sun with her students. In addition, the Sun is also known as the fifth note of the musical scale, located between the fa and the la.
