The set of 24 books belonging to the Hebrew Bible are called Tanaj or Canon Palestinense, these books together with several others make up what in the Christian Bible is known as the Old Testament, what differentiates it from the latter is that they are not found arranged chronologically, the writing in these books is mostly in Hebrew, with some phrases in Aramaic.
The Christian Old Testament is closely related to the Tanakh, this is due to the fact that it is made up mostly of the books of the mentioned Old Testament, the books that are excluded in the Tanakh are the so-called Deuterocanonical, which had been included in the so-called Bible of the Seventy or Canon of Alexandria during the second century BC, the name Deuterocanonical can be translated as "second canon" if the protocanonical term that is translated as "first canon" is taken into account
The history of Tanakh dates back to the second century AD, specifically the year 70 when a group of elderly rabbis after the siege of Jerusalem agreed to definitively establish the books that would make up the Palestinian Canon, these books are known by the name of Protocanonical. The Tanakh is divided into three different sections, the first of which is called the Law or Torah, followed by The Prophets “Nevi'im” and ends with The Writings or “Ketuvim”.
The law is made up of the so-called books of the pentateuch, a word that derives from the Greek "pente" which means "five" and "teûjos" which means "founded for books." The books that comprise it are: Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus Numbers and Deuteronomy, in these are reflected the chronological accounts of the creation of the universe, the journeys of the People Chosen by God (Israel) until the death of the prophet Moses.
The Prophets, second part of the Tanakh, this in turn is divided according to the prophet's classification and are the following:
- Previous Prophets: Joshua, Judges, Samuel and Kings.
- Later Prophets: Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel.
- Minor Prophets: Hosea, Joel, Amos, Obadiah, Jonah, Micah, Nahum, Habakkuk, Zephaniah, Haggai, Zechariah and Malachi.
The writings, the last of the three parts of the Tanakh, is divided into 3:
- Poetic Books: Book of Psalms, Proverbs, Job.
- The Five Scrolls: Song of Songs, Ruth, Lamentations, Ecclesiastes and Esther.
- Historical Books: Daniel, Esdras, Nehemiah and Chronicles 1 and 2.
