The motherboard, also known as motherboard, motherboard or motherboard (in English), is the main card in the internal structure of the computer where the electronic circuits, the processor, the memories, and the main connections are connected. all components of the computer.
This card's main function is to control all the elements of the server, it depends on it that these components are well communicated with each other to guarantee the operation of the system, that is why it is a very important device within the computer.
The fundamental thing about a motherboard is its quality, it is a unit that we must choose with great care. A poor quality card would put the performance of the equipment at continuous risk , preventing communication between the components from being carried out at normal speed, it can also make the computer unstable, causing constant crashes in the operating system.
The motherboard is thought and designed to house different types of processors of the same range, therefore there are models of different types and manufacturers. The most used cards are for Intel and AMD processors (Advanced Micro Devices).
All motherboards have a series of common elements that depend on the processor for which they have been designed, which are: the chipset, is the set of chips whose mission is to communicate the processor with the other components of the card; the socket, where the processor is inserted; the memory socket or memory slots for the main RAM memory modules.
There are also the expansion slots (slot), they are the connectors in which expansion cards (daughter cards) are inserted, such as video card, sound card, graphic card, etc. In turn, these slots are connected to the corresponding expansion bus, which may be PCI, AGP, or the old ISA.
The BIOS, a base computer software that contains the basic and lower-level programs that allow controlling the elements of the hardware, a ROM, EPROM or FLASH-EPROM memory is present on the motherboard. The CMOS, a small RAM memory that complements the BIOS and stores the typical data configurable from the setup , its content is not lost when the equipment is turned off thanks to a battery inserted in the card.
The external connectors, which are the USB, keyboard, mouse, serial and parallel ports; The internal connectors are those of the IDE channels that allow the connection of hard drives, CD-ROM, DVD-ROM devices, and CD recorders, other connectors are the floppy drive and power supply, the internal speaker, the push buttons and box leds.
It should be noted that current motherboards have system monitoring software that is responsible for measuring the main constants of the card: voltages, processor temperature, fan rotation speed, memory status, hard disk, etc..
