It is the branch of science that studies the purpose of each living or inanimate being in the world, that is, it studies the purposes or objectives set for a being or for an object.
According to the Aristotelian model, the universe is governed or conditioned by four specific causes which are mentioned in this way: formal cause (the way in which the being or object exists), material cause (of which it is made), cause efficient (whatever is producing that object), final cause (why does it exist?), this last cause is the one specifically studied by theology, for which it is called the doctrine or science that studies final causes; It should be noted that teleology starts from metaphysics.
Teleology had a great role in history, if the religious sphere is observed according to this science, religions are the practices that allow us to understand divinity and its mission in the earthly aspect, that is, that would be its purpose; Another example of the practice of teleology is the one provided by the scientist Charles Darwin according to his theory of natural selection, in which he mentions that all species today suffered a process of extinction allowing the survival of the most skillful and strong, in this way we are observing the final cause of this whole process, another important situation to highlight as teleological would be the development in the field of cyberneticssince the function of each program or device has been determined by the human being.
