Theodicy is a field of philosophy whose purpose is to demonstrate the rationality of God's existence, as well as the similar explanation of his nature and characteristics. According to its etymology, theodicy means "the justification of God."
This term was developed by the philosopher and theologian Gottfried Leibniz, who in one of his works made mention of this word, in this essay which he called "Theodicy essay", he tried to explain that evil does exist and that God's goodness is justifiable.
The existence of evil is more than evident. However, for those who believe in God this reality can be somewhat problematic, since the existence of God does not seem to reconcile with the existence of evil. That is, evil has always caused suffering and if God is absolutely all good, then he should not allow human beings to suffer because of evil.
Faced with this questioning, Leibniz affirms the following: the path that leads to evil is totally subject to man's freedom. That is to say that although it is true that men were created by God to be free, it is also true that the choice of the good path or the bad path depends on them.
According to this theory, when man does not manage his freedom correctly, evil usually gets in his way. In conclusion, God is not responsible for the evil existing in the world.
For philosophers, the idea of God has been a source of concern since the beginning of philosophy. For Aristotle, God represents a vital being and is the first cause of everything that exists. Saint Augustine bases divine creation on the world of thoughts, which in this case were created by God, to form a circumstantial world according to those unalterable and perennial thoughts.
