The view is the most specialized and complex way, so it is considered the most valuable of all. Through it, at least 75% of the world around us is perceived. The organ of vision is the eye, whose function is to translate the electromagnetic vibrations of light into certain types of nerve impulses that are transmitted to the brain, where the process of vision actually takes place.
The eye is basically the eyeball. This is a slightly flattened sphere, about 24mm in diameter. It is made up of three layers, organized from the outside in: the sclera, the choroid, and the retina. The sclera is white in color and is the outermost layer of the eye, it is attached to the choroid by a crystalline tissue called the fusea plate, and the extrinsic muscles of the eye are housed in it. It joins the cornea through its anterior part.
The cornea is clear and transparent, has a spherical shape and allows the passage of light rays. the choroid is the vascular layer of the eye, it is made up of many pigment cells and blood vessels; it intervenes in the formation of aqueous humors and vureus. On the other hand, the iris occupies the most anterior segment of the vascular layer of the eye. It is a discoid membrane of variable color with a central hole, the pupil.
The retina, responsible for receiving light impressions and transmitting them to the brain, is also part of the eye, like the lens, the vitreous body, the aqueous humor, vessels and nerves; externally are the eyelids, the conjunctiva, the lacrimal apparatus and the eyebrows.
The visual apparatus also includes the oculomotor muscles. We have 6 of them and they are: the lateral rectus muscle, which allows outward displacement; median rectus muscle, makes possible movements towards the median line of the body; superior rectus muscle, performs movements out and down; inferior rectus muscle, moves down; lower oblique muscle, facilitates outward and downward rotation; superior oblique, maintains outward and upward rotations.
