Cartography is a branch of geography that is responsible for depicting terrestrial spaces in maps or spheres, this science deals with grouping and analyzing measurements and data from regions of the earth, to represent them graphically at different linear dimensions. Cartography is very important since through it you can know the characteristics of the environment, its topography, accessibility to resources and the location of specific points of dispute.
Cartography is a science that dates back many centuries and has always been of great use for the geographical and spatial location of the human being. The man has always been concerned about being well oriented and know its location, this need led him to deal to develop tools that allow you to achieve. A proof of this are the various murals and engravings were finding and dating back many years before Christ.
Cartography works on a flat representation of the globe, facilitating its complete exposition and allowing all continents, seas and oceans to be placed on the same surface.
The cartography is divided into: general cartography and thematic cartography.
General cartography has to do with all those maps that are made for a general audience and with various references. The map of a country or a world map are examples of general cartography. For its part, thematic cartography is in charge of developing maps with specific themes. Designed to show certain particular characteristics and their distribution over the earth's surface. These can be divided into: tourist maps, political maps, nautical or aeronautical charts, geological maps, communication maps, etc.
Another type of cartography is digital; this is a form of cartography that uses computer technology for the graphical representation of maps. This type of mapping uses a geographic information system, which encodes and directs geospatial variables and data, using various resources such as databases, computer-aided design programs for automated mapping and remote sensing, as well as statistical applications.
In the same way, automated cartography is presented, it includes a set of techniques for the design and elaboration of maps using digital tools.
