Dadaism is an artistic movement that originated in 1916 in Zurich Switzerland, thanks to the proposal made by Hugo Ball as an alternative for people who wanted to express themselves freely in a time where freedom was restricted, due to the wars that They occurred in that era, besides that Dadaism opposed artistic conventions, making fun of artists of bourgeois origin and their art.
What is Dadaism
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It lies in spontaneity, the absurd and irrational, thereby seeking to eliminate what was believed to be logical. It is considered to be an innovative idea, since the artists who promoted this practice were given the task of promoting revolutionary thoughts and actions for the society of that time. During its beginnings it was known as the anti art since its artistic proposals consist of using unconventional, rare and unusual materials.
Characteristics of Dadaism
Being an inartistic, antiliterary and movement antipoetic, it has the characteristics as follows:
- Break with traditional and classic models.
- Vanguard spirit and protest spirit.
- Spontaneity, improvisation and artistic irreverence.
- Anarchism and nihilism.
- Look for chaos and disorder.
- Illogical and irrational content.
- Ironic, radical, destructive, aggressive and pessimistic character.
- Aversion to war and bourgeois values.
- Rejection of nationalism and materialism.
- Criticism of consumerism and capitalism.
History of Dadaism
Dada's historical context dates back to the year 1916 when this movement was born, in a cafe in Zurich. Singers appeared here and were allowed to recite poems. After World War I began, that city ended up becoming a haven for people from all over Europe.
In this way, he brought together people from various schools such as French Cubism, German Expressionism, and Italian Futurism. It is to be noted that this was not a rebellion movement against a previous school, but rather a movement that began to question the concept of art before the First World War.
This movement arose with the intention of destroying all the systems and codes established in the art world. It is possible to affirm that this was an antipoetic, antiartistic and antillero movement, since it questioned the arts. A few years after its appearance, the movement spread, reaching the cities of Barcelona, Berlin, Cologne, New York and Paris.
Practitioners of Dadaism make total opposition to all those artistic, literary and poetic movements, questioning the existence of such genres and may even question Dadaism itself, some may adopt it as a lifestyle, refuting all those expressions that are considered artistic and considered traditional, contrary to all these, they propose a free life outside the schemes imposed by society, giving way to the current and spontaneous.
After the creation of the Dada movement in Zurich, it spread around the world, one of the cities that welcomed it was New York, where it was introduced thanks to a series of artists from Europe who brought anti-art with them in works such as " The nude descending a ladder " by Marcel Duchamp or the paintings by Man Ray that gave rise to the founding of the first Dada magazine called "391" in 1915, in which the innovative and revolutionary ideas brought about by the Dada art.
The influence that Dadaism has had on current art has been relevant since, thanks to it, art is currently considered as a non-standardized free practice, without rules that limit the artist. One of the main legacies left by the Dada movement was magazines.
Most important literary works of Dadaism
- Marcel Duchamp - "Fountain" (1917).
- Hannah Höch - "Flight" (1931).
- Marcel Duchamp - «LHOOQ» (1919).
- Florine Stettheimer - "Cathedrals of Broadway" (1929).
- Hannah Höch - "Around a Reed Mouth" (1967).
Dada art gallery
In 1917, the Dada Gallery was inaugurated in which Tristan Tzara exposed to the public the various guidelines of this new movement, which over the years managed to publish it through the different meetings that were held in art, in galleries, as well as through magazines.
Frequently Asked Questions about Dadaism
Who created Dadaism?
Tristan Tzara was the founder of Dadaism, who was born in Romania on April 16, 1896. He became one of the most important authors of the Dada movement, along with Jean Arp and Hugo Ball during the First World War.What is Dadaism in art?
It was an anti-artistic, anti-poetic and anti-literary movement that sought a way to end all existing traditional systems in the field of art.His expression was totally spontaneous, absurd and irrational, in terms of Dada images and paintings, they were simply incoherent and incomprehensible.
The absence of rules and regulations made this art one of the most transgressive in the history of art.
What is Dadaism in literature?
It is defined as a sequence of words, sounds and letters in which it is difficult to find logic because in its creation, they are words obtained from magazine clippings and are placed one after another, innumerable poems have been made simply doubtful Dadaism, fantasy and imagination, the poet expresses himself through the use of unusual materials or handling previously unmixable planes of thought.Who are the authors of Dadaism?
There are authors who marked history in Dadaism, such as:- Tristan tzara
- André Breton
- Elsa Von Freytag-Loringhoven
He is considered one of the fathers of literary Dadaism.
In 1916 he joined the group of artists who at that time were developing Dadaism
She was known as the Dadaist baroness and, although she studied art in Munich, the main development of her work came after 1913.
