The encephalon is one of the most important parts of the brain, its location is in the upper part of the brain mass. The etymology of the word tells us that it is a term coined by doctors and scholars of the human body of ancient Greece. It is a combination of the Greek prefix "Ev" or "En" which means "within" and "Cephale" which means "Head" therefore, when joining them "Within the Head". Its main function is the control of the voluntary functions of the body, that is, those that we are able to moderate such as walking, talking, among others.
The brain is an organ that is not present in all types of living organisms, and the location is not exactly the same, in humans and vertebrate animals it is found in the head, but other organisms may have it at the level of the esophagus or throat. It is very important to highlight the origin of the Brain in prehistory, it began to form in animals that began to have external contact, interaction with water, air and the different elements and the way in which they predominated on earth, the nervous system developmentCentral and cranial mass in primates and more evolved animals led this organ to evolve to become the center of voluntary responses such as eating of the body.
The brain is responsible for the neurochemical transaction, this is the process with which we control our intelligence, long and short-term memories, and the body's motor controls and powers. A very curious fact is that the brain together with the heart are the only two organs of the body that if they stop working, would cause the death of the body, because it would not survive without the voluntary functions of its conscience.
As for the diseases that attack the brain, there are those that are of the degenerative type that produce attacks of schizophrenia, bipolar disorders and erratic behaviors. The best known is Meningitis, which is caused by bacteria. We cannot fail to mention diseases such as Parkinson's, Multiple Sclerosis and Down's Syndrome, which despite being genetic, it is in the brain where the damage is lodged.
