The sperm are considered the sex cells or gametes male, they have a combination of head and tail very important in generating the fertilization of the egg, the tail is an extension elongated responsible for generating mobility to sperm to achieve quickly the penetration of the outer layer of the ovule, while the head, apart from being the penetrating organism, is also the nucleus of this cell containing the genetic information necessary for the formation of an individual, specifically the sperm is described as a haploid cell since it has half of the genetic load, that is, 23 chromosomes, this having the chromosome capable of defining the sex of the baby (either X or Y).
These cells are generated in the seminiferous tubules and after this they are stored in the epididymis, a place where, through the help of a hormone called follicle stimulating (FSH), their maturation occurs, this epididymis is a long tube shaped coma that is found in the upper part of the testicles and is protected from the scrotal bag or the scrotum, however the sperm when they are inside this gland have total immobility, they only become mobile when they come into contact with the liquid seminal this happens at the time of ejaculation. This mobility as mentioned above is essential to achieve fertilization of the egg.
Sperm were identified for the first time in the hands of the French scientist Anton Van Leeuwenhoek, this was the creator of the first microscopes manufactured by the superposition of numerous polished glasses, in turn he was the first to identify the bacterial forms to which he gave the name of " animacules ".
The process in which these cells are formed, is known as spermatogenesis, it is divided into four stages: proliferation, in which diploid cells initiate the meiotic division process, generating 1st order spermatocytes; growth stage, where the second meiotic division is undergone, generating 2nd order spermatocytes, differentiation stage, in which spermatocytes evolve into spermatids; the fourth and last stage called maturation, is where spermatids mature into sperm, where final maturation occurs in the epididymis.
