The philosophy of education is characterized by being the branch of philosophy that deals with reflection on the educational processes experienced by man, educational systems, the systematization of teaching methods applied in class and other topics related to pedagogy. Its main scope is to understand the relationship between the educational phenomenon and how it influences the functioning of society.
One of the great unknowns of the philosophy of education is the indecision between education as transmission of knowledge in counterpart to education in a critical way, to work as an incentive and question the learning capacity of the student. As it is known, and what it means to know, are also topics addressed and further problematize the philosophy of education. One of the intervening philosophers in the conceptualization of the philosophical technique to be followed in the educational field is Plato.
Plato in one of his writings states that education classified as primary should be limited to class or tutoring by specialized teachers until the age of 18 is reached, followed by two years of compulsory military training especially in men and higher education then for individuals who were academically qualified. Now, if primary education forms the soul to respond to environmental stimuli, higher education helped the soul of man in the search for the truth that it illustrates. In Plato's time, both boys and girls received the same type of education, the instruction basically consisted of handling music, in turn in the practice of exercise, this with the ultimate objective of trainingand mix soft and strong qualities in people and create a totally harmonious person.
