Dairy is the term used to define a type of product made from milk or a product derived from it. It should be noted that dairy products can also contain other ingredients and food additives functionally that in some cases are necessary for their preparation. Regarding the variety of dairy products, it depends on each region according to the eating habits of the inhabitants, the availability of certain technologies, market demand, among other factors. Some of the most popular dairy products are cheese, yogurt, shortening, butter, etc. Dairy products are generally made through fermentation and processing of the milk after it is obtained.
For its part, milk in its liquid stage is considered the most widely consumed dairy product on the planet. Dairy products such as yogurt, cheese, butter, are some of the foods are some of the products obtained from the treatment of milk, these so that they can be preserved correctly it is necessary that the cold chain is maintained in each one of its stages, until it reaches the final consumer. Regarding the controls of compliance with said requirement, they must be controlled by the food science personnel, whose functions include the inspection of the conditions in which a certain product is manufactured, the ways in which it must be preserved and correct distribution of the same..
At present, the types of dairy products that can be found in the market are very varied. For this reason, it is that in order to classify them, raw milk is taken as a starting point and from there, four main groups are established:
- Skimmed milk.
- Milk powder.
- Milk cream. Within which dairy fats such as margarine can be included.
- Cheese. This group can also include caseins and whey.
On the other hand, it should be mentioned that dairy can also be classified into two other groups:
- Dairy without fermentation. Among which are milk, margarine, butter and ice cream, just to name a few.
- Fermented dairy. The most important products that make up this group are yogurts, cheese, among others.
