The pre-Roman languages are all those that formerly prevailed in the Iberian Peninsula, before the arrival of the Romans in the 218 century BC, some of them were Basque, Celtiberian, Iberian, Lusitanian, Tartessian and Ligurian. As it should be noted, the dialect in this region at that time was very varied.
Once the Romans arrived in these lands and the linguistic Latinization began to develop throughout the peninsula (except for the northern area that continued to speak Basque) all these dialects became extinct, people no longer spoke it, however these languages they put up resistance, they did not want to disappear altogether, at least not without first leaving some evidence that they existed in this world.
The Iberian language was pronounced throughout the coastal axis of the peninsular Mediterranean. It is a language that bears some resemblance to the Basque and Aquitanian languages. Regarding its origin, it presents two hypotheses: the first affirms that this dialect descends from North Africa, this is due to the link that existed with the Berber dialect. The other hypothesis suggests that this dialect could be influenced by the Aquitanian language, since this area was very close (geographically) to it.
The Iberian language had a little influence on Spanish, the elimination of the initial “f” in most of the Latin words that carried that sound is proof of this.
Celtiberian was a language that was spoken in the central area of the Iberian Peninsula. Everything that is known about her is thanks to hundreds of notes that were written basically in Celtiberian signary. This language descends from Celtic. However, due to its slight remoteness due to the mountains in the area, this dialect gradually became differentiated.
Tartessian is a dialect that has two meanings:
- It is a language typical of the city of Tartessos, that is to say that it was a language that was maintained, particularly, by the settlers of the culture of the lower Guadalquivir.
- The other definition states that this language is typical of southern Portugal, this due to various records found in that area.
Lusitanian is a Paleo Hispanic language. Belonging to the Indo-European group and thousands of place names and theonyms that were spoken in ancient Lusitanian. Many believe that this dialect was brought to the Iberian Peninsula by the Lusitanians who arrived before the second century BC, others think that this language comes from the Alps. Eventually, the Lusitanian language was entirely replaced by the Latin dialect.
