A prime number refers to a natural number that is greater than 1, but that is characterized by having only two divisors which are the number 1 and itself. Another way to describe an integer is by saying that it is a positive number that is impossible to express as a product of two other integers that are equally positive but less than it, or failing that, as a product of two integers that have several forms. It is important to note that the only even prime number is 2, which is why it is very common to hear that when it comes to any prime number greater than this, it is called an odd prime number.
Prime numbers and their study with respect to number theory, which represents one of the subdivisions of the mathematical sciences, which deals with the study of the properties of the arithmetic of integers. Prime numbers have been the object of studies since ancient times, this is demonstrated in works such as the Goldbach conjecture and the Riemann hypothesis.
In 1741 the mathematician Christian Goldbach was in charge of elaborating an assumption, in which he established that any even number that was greater than 2 can be expressed as the addition of two prime numbers, for example 6 = 3 + 3, this conjecture is It has been maintained through the centuries since no scientist, mathematician or any individual has managed to achieve an even number greater than 2 that was impossible to express as the sum of two prime numbers, despite not being proven, it is considered to be true.
For its part, primality has special importance, this is because all numbers can be factored as results of other prime numbers, but on the other hand it should be noted that said factorization is unique.
Ya para el año 300 a.C. Euclides un matemático de origen griego se encargó de confirmar que los números primos son infinitos. Para poder corroborar si un número se puede considerar como primos o no es necesario que los mismos terminen en los siguientes números, 1,3, 8 y 9.
