This term meaning "children 's doctor" comes from two Greek words, which are "country" which means " child " and "jatros " which means "learned" is a branch of medicine, which is responsible for the health and disease care in children and adolescents from the moment they are born until they turn 18 years old. It can be said that this specialty is in theory quite new, since it was not until the middle of the 19th century that it was considered as a medical specialty.
In ancient times this branch of medicine did not exist, since at that time the care of the health of children was the responsibility of the representatives of the infants, later in the Renaissance period the diseases that children suffered acquired such importance that they were considered the study of them as a specialty of medicine and it was not until the middle of the 19th century that it became a science accepted by the doctors of the time. Countries such as France and Germany were the forerunners in the evolution of the services and knowledge that are the basis of pediatrics today, in Europe and America it did not take long for hospitals dedicated solely and exclusively to treat diseases in children to spread.Later all over the world these types of institutions were created.
It is important to note that within this science, there are other sub categories, such is the case of pediatric dentistry, which focuses on the study and care of the teeth and mouths of infants. Another branch of pediatrics is Hebiatrics, whose specialty is the care, prevention and treatment of diseases in adolescents, it also treats the psychological and social problems that the adolescent may present during puberty.
Pediatricians are responsible for treating different health conditions in children and adolescents, among the main ones are infections, congenital diseases, cancer, both physical and psychological damage, among others.
The main goal of pediatrics as a branch of health is the decrease in the death rate in children, as well as the control of those diseases that are infectious, in order to provide infants with a long and disease-free life.
