Turbina, is a voice that derives from the Latin “turbo”, “turbĭnis” which means “whirlpool”. A turbine is a constant-flow motor machine, which gives rise to mechanical work through a system of curved blades, which are called blades, and these use thermal, kinetic or fluid pressure energy. In other words, turbines in a general sense are mechanisms or devices of fluid, which through them passes, continuously, a fluid, thus manifesting its energy through a system of blades. This is a rotary engine that transforms into mechanical energy, that energy emanated from a current of gas, water or water vapor.
Benoît Fourneyron was a French engineer, born in Saint-Étienne, Loire. Fourneyron was the one who designed the first practical turbine in 1827, and also made significant contributions to the development of water turbines. The fundamental element of a turbine is the rotor that is integrated with a series of propellers, blades, blades or cubes positioned around its circumference, so that in this way the fluid that is in motion creates a tangential force that activates the wheel and allows its rotation. It is a mechanical energy that moves through a shaft to provide the movement or circulation of a machine, electric generator, propeller or compressor.
Turbines are made up of one or two bladed wheels, which are called a stator and a rotor, which is driven by said fluid, dragging the axis where the rotary movement is generated. Turbines can be classified as hydraulic and thermal; Hydraulic are those in which the fluid undergoes a considerable density change during its passage through the stator; and thermals are those where the fluid does undergo a considerable density change during its passage through the machine.
