Forest Exploitation is an economic activity of the primary sector that consists of cutting down trees from forests and natural forests to obtain the maximum benefit and economic use of them. Trees can be obtained as forest products mainly wood (fine, hard or soft), followed by cellulose, paper pulp, resin, rubber, artificial silk, wax, among others, all of them are used as food or material premium to manufacture numerous items.
This activity has been very important for man throughout his years, since ancient times he has had the need to find a way to survive, to satisfy his personal needs and direct needs of the population, for this reason he has always used wood as fuel for cooking and heating, using firewood directly or for making charcoal. Similarly, the wood is used for industrial purposes, we as examples: in the construction industry in the manufacture of furniture, paper, synthetic fabrics, medicines, etc. In addition, forest exploitation has been necessary for agricultural economic activities that require areas for their crops and livestock.
The most important forest areas in the world are located in the taiga forests of the United States, Canada, Scandinavia and Russia, and in the equatorial and tropical forests of Brazil, Central Africa, Indonesia and Indochina. Forest exploitation is related or some define it as forestry , which is the use and care of forests with the purpose of satisfying human needs, it teaches us how to protect forest resources, focusing on the rational use of forests and jungles to improve its regeneration, composition and development.
It should be noted that logging generates negative consequences for nature when it is carried out indiscriminately; The use of inappropriate exploitation methods, illegal deforestation, and the lack of sensitivity and silvicultural plans, are the cause of the degradation of vegetation, reduction of wood reserves and acceleration of the erosion process in the soils, which makes them in barren, non-productive lands.
Several national and regional codes of practices for forest exploitation have been adopted, these can be profitable and can considerably reduce their environmental effects, it is very important to know that forest resources must be exploited with rational criteria.
