In the field of biological sciences, ecological niche is called the place that a species or a group of them occupies in a given ecosystem, in addition to this, it also refers to the function that a specimen has within the community in which it develops, However, it is not only limited to that since it can also be defined as the place where a diversity of species coexist, where various factors such as anthropic, biotic and abiotic intervene.
The ecological niche of an individual can vary depending on the ecosystem where it lives, the function it fulfills in that place and the way in which the other species that make up the niche influence it. The function that species fulfill in a given ecosystem is totally unique and different from what another species can fulfill, all this despite the fact that there are similarities of ecosystems where there could be the case of several species that fulfill the same function but perhaps with a different impact. If this is the case where two species play the same role, with the passage of time a phenomenon will occur that is known as interspecific competition., which represents a race to determine who will be the species that dominates and ends up eradicating its competition.
This can influence the ecosystem in different ways, since a certain population of species may vary according to the abundance of its resources and the number of predators it has in that region, since for example, when the amount of resource is abundant and Predators are minimal, surely there will be an increase in the amount of this species, directly affecting the same elements that allow its reproduction, since resources that previously existed abundantly are surely depleted.
On the other hand in ecology a change in the habitat or the direct variability of a species is called construction of the ecological niche, due to a living organism. This process of changing the environment tends to have totally different specific objectives for the organism itself, such as the care of the young, management of the resources in the area, among others. In nature the clearest example of this can be observed when beavers build their prey or when the spider weaves its web.
