Down syndrome is the transmutation of genes caused by the manifestation of one other chromosome. A chromosome is the structure that holds DNA or a portion of it. The cells of the human body have about 46 chromosomes that are divided into 23 pairs. Of which one of the pairs are those that fix the sex of the person, the remaining 22 are listed from 1 to 22 in operation of their descending dimension. People with Down syndrome have three chromosomes in duo 21 instead of two as they normally do; therefore, this syndrome is also known as trisomy 21.
Individuals with Down syndrome have a greater chance than the ordinary population of suffering from certain diseases, mainly those that affect the heart, endocrine system and digestive system, due to having too many albumins synthesized by the chromosome that they have too many. The developments that currently exist in which the interpretation of the human genome is concerned, are revealing certain deep biochemical methods of cognitive disability, but currently there is no class of pharmacological medicine that has been confirmed that can correct the intellectual capacities of these individuals.
There are three different characteristics of Down syndrome
- Trisomy of chromosome 21 occurs when cells have an extra chromosome 21 more. This happens in most individuals who have Down syndrome.
- Translocation: this occurs when an additional fraction of chromosome 21 consolidates with another chromosome. This happens in about one in 25 individuals who have Down syndrome.
- Mosaicism occurs when certain cells have an extra 21 chromosome, but not all. This happens in about one in every 50 individuals who have Down syndrome.
People with Down syndrome are not sick. The consequences that the presence of this genetic variation produces in each individual is very inconsistent. What can be asserted is that the person with Down syndrome will assume some level of intellectual disability and will expose certain typical features of this syndrome.
