It is known as Solar Wind to a phenomenon characterized by the emission of gas which is made up of a series of particles that have an electrical charge, mainly from the nuclei of hydrogen atoms with a high energy charge which can reach 100 keV, besides this they also include nuclei of helium atoms as well as electrons. These ions are produced in the solar corona, a surface that can exceed two million degrees Celsius, in those places where the magnetic field is slightly weaker. An important fact is that the particles can reach speeds that oscillate between 350 and 800 km per second; for its part in the vicinity of the orbit of theearth, has a density of 5 units per centi meters cubic.
This is considered as an astronomical phenomenon, it is produced in the form of cycles, which is called a cycle of solar activity, has an approximate duration of about eleven years and is controlled by the magnetic fields of the sun, in which they alternate times of great solar activity with those in which it is less active both in frequency and intensity.
Those particles that make up the solar wind are capable of traveling through space at speeds that reach 450 kilometers per second, for that reason it has the ability to reach the earth in a period of 3 to 5 days. This phenomenon is transmitted in space as an expansive wave that can reach the surface of the different planets and even extend beyond the limits of our solar system, accompanying the sun's magnetic field and also a significant amount of matter on its surface.
The existence of a continuous flow of particles that are expelled towards the outside of the Sun, was a hypothesis suggested by the British astronomer Richard C. Carrington. Later in the year 1859 Carrington and Richard Hodgson observed independently for the first time what would later be called a solar flare. This phenomenon refers to a sudden burst of energy from the solar atmosphere, a day after such an event a geomagnetic storm was observed and Carrington assumed that there was a connection between the two.
